I firmly believe that a “crustless ice mantle” meets the definition of an ocean.

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Cake day: September 3rd, 2023

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  • Jupiter and Saturn are brown dwarves, and fit many definitions of “star”.

    They are both large enough to have developed a hydrogen plasma core furnace that dissolves the rock and ice that was once their core. They are more than just a hydrogen atmosphere, down to the core they’re a big ball of plasma undergoing all of the same physics as stellar tissue, except the pressure at the center isn’t enough to ignite fusion.

    Uranus and Neptune, meanwhile, are likely too small for this, and maintain a fluid ice layer and rocky core beneath their hydrogen envelopes. There is not enough hydrogen for it to take over these worlds. Therefore, they are planets, not brown dwarf stars.

    Jupiter and Saturn, however, have grown large enough for the hydrogen to have turned to plasma and dissolved and supplanted their cores with a plasma furnace.

    The solar system has three stars. We are not too early to explore other star systems. We know of many planets around Jupiter and Saturn. The extraterrestrial planet with most earth-like atmosphere and surface geology that we know of is Titan, and it’s in our neighboring (sub) star system. Huygens and Juice and Europa Clipper and Dragonfly are humanity’s first missions to planets around other stars.





  • I don’t know if I can just accept that it’s not.

    I know a lot of people who will be rightfully outraged if Trump wins. If Trump wins, it will be due to election interference and from stopping people from voting. He may win the electoral college, but is unlikely to win the popular vote. There are many reasons to see a Trump victory as illegitimate. If Trump wins there is a very strong chance of a civil war.

    If Harris wins, there may be another Jan 6th-like action. Without Trump leading the MAGA movement, all that organized hate becomes a target for a more competent leader to harness. There is a chance that that might spiral into a larger conflict.



  • Thank you, and I plan to.

    As I said, I have a handful of strong cases to vote for Harris. I also had this one dissenting voice in me that was screaming to get expressed so I could look back at what I said and analyze it. Thanks for analyzing it with me. Doing this in public and with input from others helps me vet my ideas. I don’t have a social network anymore to talk about these things with. So much social cohesion broke down during the Trump years, and it hasn’t grown back well at all.

    We don’t live in a unified country, and we need to be willing to say that we are broken so we can fix ourselves.



  • I’m not an accelerationist. I’m a realist.

    America is already dead.

    A civil war is coming.

    2025 will be another 2020 no matter what happens in November.

    I don’t want the dead weight of a dead government on the side of democracy. I want the side of democracy to be free to invent something new. I don’t want a broken down old democracy fighting against a modern authoritarian. I want the authoritarians to be saddled with the complacency and inertia of the state. I don’t want the authoritarians to be free to invent something newer and more powerful that can bring our doddering democracy to its knees. Our government is old and has been stripped by Reagan/Bush/Trump. It is a liability to be running it.

    People are about to die. A lot of them. I want democracy to have its best chance of coming out on top. That means that the people have to want it.